Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
Showing posts with label History. Show all posts

Wednesday, 31 December 2025

Ancient Invaders, Traders and Pilgrims

Small communities of hunters and herders first visited mountains of northern Pakistan at least six thousand years ago. All the ancient invaders, traders and pilgrims have been finding their ways across the mountain passes, dividing India China and the west at least since ancient Greek and Roman and probably earlier. The Aryans invaded Northern Pakistan from Central Asia in the eighteenth century BC. Darius the Great of Persia took part of northern Pakistan in the seventeenth century BC and Alexander the Great passed through Swat on his way to India in the fourth century BC. The rulers of the Hunza Kalash of Chitral are claimed descendants from the Alexander and his  troops.
Later came heyday of the Silk Route during that time Central Asians became rich as the middlemen in the trade route between China and India and the Roman Empires. Merchants, caravans struggled through the mountains following various trails across 4000 to 5000metre high both South and West from Kasghar.Silk, lacquerwork, bronz , iron, ceramics, furs and China, precious and semi precious stones, linen ,ivory, gold, silver, glasses, and animals such as horses and plants were traded in exchange. The trade started during the Huns dynastiy (206 BC to AD 220), which had its capital at Xian. The Chines used sell their merchandise to Central Asian middlemen, first Scythians in the first and second centuries BC, then the Parthians by defeating the Roman in battle by waving Silken banners that were so fine and light that the Roman soldiers fled in the terror, the material could only be the world of  sorcerers. Next to the rule in Central Asia were the Khushans who established lucrative silk trade, Roman demand for the gossamer fabric having by this time become insatiable.
                 The Khushans established the winter capital of their Ghandhara kingdom in Peshawer and by the second century AD had reached the height of the power, with an empire that stretched from Eastern Iran to the Chines frontier and Sout to Ganges River. The Khushans were Buddhists and the most famous king was Khaniska  built thousands of monestries and stupas while Buddhist missionaries joined traders travelling the treacherous routes through the mountains. Soon pilgrims from the east joined the traffic across the passes , heading Gandahara for search of holy sites, scriptures and original sources of Buddhism. There are thousands of Buddhist carvings in the different parts of north Pakistan left by the pilgrims along the Indus, Gilgit, Hunza and Ghizar and Chitral rivers and top of the passes. Most of the stupas and monasteries however,  have been destroyed.

                 The most famous Buddhist to cross the mountains of north Pakistan were Fa Xia  in 403, Sung Yun in 519, Xaun Zang in 630, Wu Kang in 750, all whome left impressive accounts of their journeys.
                    As Khushan Empires declined between the third fifth centuries, the Northern reaches of the Empires were absorbed by the sassanians rulers of Persia with rise of the Tang dynasty (618 -907)   in China came the golden age of the Silk Route, as more traders missionaries and pilgrims then ever moved through the high mountain passes. The most famous of all missionaries was Padmsasambhva left swat in Pakistan for Tibet during this time in 747.
               By the end of the seventh century BC Persia had discovered the secret making silk and by the end of the eighth century sea routes had been opened for East West trade. The Arab expansion causes political instability in Central Asia breaking the area into tiny principalities and making the land unsafe. The development conspired to rob the Silk Rout of its value.
                When the Mongols united central Asia with their Yuan Dynasty(1279-1368) again for more than a century, allowing Marco Polo to pass through in about 1273, reviving strong culture and commercial links through the mountains.

                   The next strong Central power was the Mughal, who stabilized India throughout sixteenth and seventeenth centuries allowing trade resume through mountains of China

Saturday, 21 December 2024

A historical places to visit in Ghizer Valley


Ghizar the of Lakes historical places to visit


Day -1
Drive to Chatorkhand Ishkoman 100 km from Gilgit towards the west is the land of lakes Ghizar District is bestowed by God full of natural beauty and tourist attractions but most of them are still hidden, need to be explored, unleashed the valley, and brought into the map of tourist attractions.

 There are numerous snow-covered peaks, passes (easy and technical), circle trekking routes for adventure lovers with magnificent views, stunning landscapes, archeological sites, historical forts, blue sky lakes and rivers full of trout fish worth visiting, and above all the tourist-friendly and extraordinary hospitality of the people is unlike anywhere else in the world. Hindukush Karakoram Tours and Treks is the first and only tour agency in this district struggling with its highly qualified professional team to discover all the hidden treasures and bring to the notice nature lovers and interested concerns.

The first stop is 13 km from Gilgit on the Hanzal Buddhist Stupa at the gateway of Ghizar District the road leads from here. This stupa was between 4 to 7 century known to be one of the main stupas during the Buddhist period in the different parts of the Ghizer District such as Punial, Ishkoman, Gupis, Yasin, and Phunder Valleys where Buddhists used to stay for long periods still there are some of their cultures is practiced by the locals. This is a place where the posts used to be exchanged between Gilgit and Ghizar during the rule of the f dynasty.

2nd stop Biarchi


 the boundary line between Gilgit and Ghihizar District is a historical spot where in the year arround1880 a battle was fought between Raja Pehlawan of Yasin and Maharaja of Kashmir. The interesting moment here was when the two sword fighters Badang and Bodol from Yasin played a vital role in the battle trying to defeat the Maharaja but the thMaharajaja of Kashmir defeated the Raja Phelawan of Yasin.

3rd stop is Sheri Qila


 the most populated and largest village of Ghizar District which was once the center of the Punial Kingdom of the Brush dynasty. Essa Bahdur Akber Khan and Sifat Bahadur were popular rajas of this dynasty. The last ruler of this dynasty Raja Jan Alam was a tourist-friendly host who used to visit his home and enjoy cups of green tea. Places of interest are the Old Mosque of Akber Khan and the ruins of the fort which remind me of the cup of tea.
Singul is a village e a valley to the south that leads to Darel Tangir and Kargah Gilgit.

4th stop: Dome Raa Bubur Punial


After 30 km from Sher Qila, we will visit an exciting place called Dome Raa a collective burial place of Buddhist graveyard remains are still found. There are some Archeological sites from the 3rd to the 8th century worth visiting, but still a need for excavation to find more history about these sites.

5th stop: Gahkuch: 


8 kilometers from Bubur the Districheadquarterser of Ghizar is the town with a bazaar area where all necessary supplies are available. Visit to Gahkuch Bala. A tower of the old fort here is located which has been under the rulers Punial during their rule. The most famous story about this is about Raja Gohar Aman of Yasin, a popular raja of his time who kept his son arrested in this fort. The second interesting point from near the hills is a superb view down to Gahkuch and the Ghizar River. 
Another historical point is a cave called Jadao Malik with some humane remains of those who were plagued and thrown into caves to die. Another story about this is said to be of those people who escaped the invaders of the time. Drive to Ishkoman for an overnight stay in the guest house.
Local Musical show at night in the guest house. Royal Guest House Chatorkhand  
Day 2

Explore Ishkoman Valley Imit, Proper Ishkoman, Chatorkhand And Dain


1st Stop: Visit Chatorkhand Tehsi headquarters of Ishkoman with the residence of Pir Syed Karam Ali Shah former governor of Gilgit-Baltistan which is an interesting place to visit and enjoy his hospitality. This is the beginning point of two unexplored 4-5 days trek from Shokarga Lakeke to Sher Qila Punial or Naltar Valley near Gilgit. The people of Ishkoman speak the Khowar Language as Chitrali.

2nd stop Pakhora: another village near Chatoorkhan is the Starting point for the Naltar Pass (4,690m) an exciting trek to Naltar from Ishkoman Valley. This is the pass crossed by British explorer and writer( of Between the Oxus and Indus) first-time in the n the 1930s.
3rd stop Shonas: is a village near Pakhora from where the afour-dayy trek to  Asumbar Pass (4410m) got to Yasin Valley begins across the river to Asumbar Village.

Imit: Upper Ishkoman speaking Wakhi language which is spoken in Wakhan.


 It was once a small center of the Ishkoman kingdom of Wahkic Mehtar( Mir Ali Mardan) the first ruler.
Visit a famous shrine ( Khora Borth). If the road is clear we can visit furthermore, to Batswat Lake (the new lake from 2018) and Korumbar Glacier near the village of Borth is worth visiting. There are stunning views all the way around. The beginning of the beautiful trek to Korumbar Lake and Korumbar Pass to Broghil to Chitral and over historical Darkot Pass (4575m) to Yasin begins from the last village of Imit Matramdan at about 3100m.  seven-day trek to Korumbar Lake and Back to Matramdan or to continue to Darkot Yain or Yakhun and to Mastuj Chitral. Another 5-7 days interesting trek goes to Chilinji Pass 5200 m connecting with Chupursan Gojal upper Hunza and Sost. There are numerous peaks for climbing for mountaineers. The Kormbar National Park provides an opportunity for trophy hunting of Ibex which is another tourist attraction.

4th stop On the way back to Proper Ishkoman: An interesting valley from there is the starting point of three different treks some beautiful lakes in Mathan Tir, Atar Lake, and Sutgah Lakes are 3-4 days of trekking within the valley and across the Attar Pass(4740m) and Punji Pass 4739m) to Darkot Yasin Valley. There is Chiantir Glacier in the valley could great skiing Resort which still unexplored. We can cross a pass of a week-long trek to Broghil and to Yarkhun MastujChitralrl or go on Zindhkaram Pass 4600 m to Darkot Yasin again. This is one of the most interesting trips for adventure lovers.

5th 

stop Dain:


 is a small village opposite Chatokhand crossing one of the longest suspension bridges in Pakistan is worth visiting. There are some interesting spots three archeological sites and Dain watefallsll about t 6 kuphillll drive with significant views of the Hindukush mountains and great photo points. There is a fortune teller lady who predicts the future of the people and suggests their acts. Another interesting spot is the tomb of the queen of Ishkoman an interesting story is behind it the love of the king and queen( more could be told on the spot)
Overnight stay in the guest House.
     
 Day -3
   Drive to Yasin Valley Sandhi, Darkot Tause, and Proper Yasin: 90 km drive en-route visit to 1st stop Hatoon rock carving: from 3rd and 8th century.
2nd The tea stop aHopperer Garden about 8 km from Gahkuch is a beautiful picnic point with a waterfall nearby and you can also enjoy a little horse riding in the Garden.


4th top Thumushki: 


After a few km stop at a historical spot where the famous treaty was signed by Aman-ul-Mulk Mehter of Chitarl, Raja Ghulam Muhi-ud-Din(Known as Pehlawan Thum) and Maharaja of Kashmir Gulab Singh division of rule each respective treaty. The complete story will be provided on the spot.
5th stop Gol Bangala: it is located at Gupis the sub-division a historical room built by Raja MuhammaRahim Khanan once he was the ruler of Gupis Koh-e-Ghizar.
GupiFortrt on the roadside there an s old fort built British in year around 1892 during their rule sub-continent.
Charitoyee: It is famous for locals who believe in fairies this is a place where a chicken is slaughtered for the blessed life of f newly wedded couple whereon route to cross this spot.
Yasin proper:  visit to the ruins of the fort of Raja Gohar Aman who was one of the strongest rajas who fought against Dogras in 1858s and defeated them on their way to conquer Yasin. He attacked on Dogara force at Bob Singh and killing 1200 people is top in the history of the ancient battles. Visit the graveyard of Gohar Aman too which is close to the Fort.
Overnight stay in Vershigum Guest House/Yasin View Hotel Tause Yasin.
Musical evening with local traditional musicians
 
Day 4

Yasin Valley

Makuli Yasin



1st Stop Muduri Fort Sandhi: It is a historical spot and has a shocking story about Dogra's attack on the people of Yasin in 1963 in revenge for Gohar Aman's Attack on Bob Singh interesting to hear from the locals. There are some signs of ruins in MudurFortrt and is t a great view point Yasin Valley. This is the starting point of the famous Asumbar pass to Ishkoman and many other unexplored treks could begin from this village. Visit the oldest traditional house in the village
2nd Stop Mizar-e-Lalik Jan: it is about 7 km from Sandhi to Hundur. Lalik Jan Shaheed.

3rd stop Darkot


 The last village of Yasin which is famous for the murder of George Hayward a British traveler on his way to explore Oxus was killed there in 1870. We can visit the spot near Darkot village. This was also the starting point of the historical Darkot Pass to Broghil which was used by many of the invaders from China Darkot Pass has a history of the Tibetans with 10,000 troops, they crossed the Pamir and defeated an equal force of Tibetans on the Wakhan side of the Brohghil Pass and chased them across the Broghil Pass and Darkot Pass. The Chinese took control over Yasin blocking the advance of Tibetans by cutting a bridge near Gupis blocking the advance of Tibetans. Chinese ruled for a short time as defeat at 751 near Tashkent at the hands of Arabs lost control of Central Asia.

Yasin is the hub of many trekking routes and a starting point for mountains to climb. From the proper Yasin, there are Nazbar and Zagar Passes to Shamran Phunder and to Chapali Mastuj Chitral 6-7 days trekking, from Thui over Thui Pass to Yarkhun Valley from Darkot over Attar and Panji Passes to Ishkoman and over Darkot and Zindhkharam Pass to Broghil and there are numerous unexplored passes and valleys. HKTT is busy exploring and finding new destinations in the mountains of Hindukush to provide services and unfold the hidden treasures of the Ghizar District which has been out of the eyes of adventure lovers.  

Day 5

Drive to Phunder Valley


This will be an interesting ride along the Phunder River, Khalti lake is one of the attractive spots on the way which is full of trout fish. Beyond Khalttheyhe pass through charming villages and fantastic landscapes with rock carvings on the roadside. These art form illustrates the lives of pastoral nomads who may have moved here in early Christian times, and show great continuity with similar designs found in the Pamir region. Manshowsow mounted horsemen, solar motifs, hunting scenes, along-horned ibexes Furthermore  Bathratflowsng from Swat  Kohistan and leads South towards Tangir Vallewhichat needs to be explored.  

Chashi, the valley widens greatly and is augmented by tributaries by both the N and S, which provide access to Tangir and Darel Valleys. The main Phunder Valley has the loveliest scenery in the whole of Pakistan. The blue Phunder Lake is magnificent with the Ghizar River. The lake is situated at an altitude of 2800 m full of trout fish. To the west of Phunder Valley a side valley leads to South Hundrap Lake, also renowned for its trout fishing. There is the possibility to trek South from here across the Dadarilli Pass into Swat Valley it takes 4-5 days easy trek from either side.
  

Shandur Pass  


The roads up to Shandur Pass (3,737m) to Chitral a jeep road between the two interesting. The Shundur Polo ground is famous for the Shandur Festival which is celebrated every year with different events. The polo match between the teams of Chitral and Gilgit is famous in the world. There are numerous tourist attractions in this valley Yasin and Ishkoman need to explore more and bring to the map of tourist attractions. The day will end with trout fishing experiences in the Phunder River and having dinner to enjoy the last dinner overnight. Guest House/Camping
 
For more trips in Pakistan visit Discover Pakistan for detailed itineraries and plan your favorite holiday trip in Pakistan.

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Wednesday, 24 June 2020

The best Tourism Destination in the world


Hindukush Karakorum Tours and welcome all the adventure and nature lovers to enjoy their holidays in the ultimate destination for the lifetime rejoice. Breath-taking nature, enchanting tradition, and beautiful culture with extra treks -ordinary art and architecture are awaiting you with warm greetings.  The magical scenario of the naturally blessed Pakistanis something worthwhile to visit by everyone,  either by trekking or tour and travel in the country from snow to land in amazing places of different geographical landscapes one will get to live his/her dreams definitely. It offers one of the exciting tours to North Pakistan and hopefully, you will enjoy the diverse cultures, traditions, and landscapes from the valley to valley. It is the difference from other agencies mostly offering unspoiled parts of Pakistan such as the Hindukush Range. There are several Treks and mountains that are still waiting to discover and explore. We are there to provide our services by taking you to new places.


Day 1-Drive to Chilas 10-12 hours drive on Karakoram Highway, prepare for a simply astonishing journey along what was once an ancient Silk Road and now an international highway connecting Pakistan and the entire Indian subcontinent to China. Traversed for centuries by traders and travelers alike, the route will take us into the most beautiful mountain ranges in the world.

 Highway through Kohistan Region of Khyber Pukhtun Khaw Province, en-route stop at Shatyal rock inscriptions. This morning, a lifetime adventure begins from Besham, leaving the green hills behind, we start driving our day in the black rocks on Karakoram Highway, carved by the brave hearts of Pakistan and China. At Shatyal we take a break to visit the rock carvings left by traders, Buddhist pilgrims, and historians on their way to Taxila and the Middle East. Overnight at a hotel.

Day 2-Drive to Tato& trek to Fairy Meadows:

Drive to Raikot bridge (1.5 hr) where we will leave our car and take a jeep to reach to Tato (2 hrs). From Tato, there is another three hours trek to Fairy Meadow.  As we reach our camp late afternoon, we will take rest at an Alpine Hut surrounded by trees and lush green meadow. 

Day 3-Free day or day hike to Nanga Parbat Base camp and back to Fairy Meadow for overnight:

The optional day hike up to Nanga Parbat base camp does involve a relatively long day of trekking. The trek follows a walk on a narrow goat path along a ridge overlooking Raikot Glacier; it descends to a stream originating from the melting Ganalo Glacier. Once across the stream, the trek rises to the top of a ridge on the base of the snowy mountains. Another descent leads to a narrow reach of Ganalo Glacier marked by ice walls and big boulders affording access across the glacier. Following the glacier, the trek rises again leading now to a wider grassy plane and meadows in the wilderness with wildflowers above the tree line. Nestled between the monumental peaks, Nanga Parbat base camp (3,967 m) offers breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains, glaciers, and huge masses of snow and frozen world.

Day-4 Trek to Tato and drive to Gilgit after lunch drive to Karimabad Hunza:

Trek to Tato and drive to Gilgit, it is located in the heart of the Karakoram Range, surrounded by lofty peaks, the most majestic being Rakaposhi. Gilgit is both accessible by road and by air; the road, journey along the path of the ancient silk route, is an unforgettable experience through winding valleys and tumbling waterfalls. We will visit Kargah Buddha, a rock carving beside the KargahNullah (steam) 6km west of Gilgit along the old road to Punial, which is the most popular short outing from Gilgit. The Buddha figure is about 3m tall and looks down protectively over Gilgit. It was carved in the 7th century and its workmanship reveals a talented master. After lunch drive to Karimabad, the former capital of Hunza Valley, a princely state. The natural beautify of the Hunza valley and hospitality of its people is beyond description. We will rest in the afternoon at our hotel.

Day 6-Visit to Altit& Baltit Forts, hike to Duiker. After sunset drive to Gulmit for overnight:

We will start our day by visiting fairy-tale like a castle of Baltit, above Karimabad, is a landmark built about 900 years ago, in 2004 tentatively enlisted UNESCO’s World Heritage. After the visit of Baltit Fort, we will walk along the Barbar irrigation channel with a striking view of Karakoram mountains adds more essence to our journey. After lunch at a traditional Hunza home, we will visit Altit Fort and Duiker. We will witness the mesmerizing sunset view at Eagle’s Nest Duiker and an awe-inspiring view of Hunza. Duiker is situated at an altitude of 2935 meters high above sea level.  Drive to Gulmit for overnight. 

 

Day 7-Gulmit-Passu – Gilgit, overnight in a hotel:

Gulmit is the capital of Gojal, is a small village at about 2400m, well above the flooded river. Much has changed here since the rise of the new ‘Attabad Lake’. There are also many superb days walks near the Karakoram Highway from Gulmit. The Gulmit Museum, full of traditional ethnic artifacts, is in a room of Raja Hussain Ali Khan’s house, beside the Marco Polo Inn, and is well worth a visit.  Old Gulmit is at the north end of the polo ground. Here you will find the Mir of Hunza’s summer residence, which is no longer used, the old Shia mosque with carved woodwork, the Tomb of Silum Khan III, water mills, and old houses. Drive to Passu, offer some of the best day walks and longer hikes in the area. The village is over 150 years old and owns the grazing rights up the north side of the 56km long Batura Glacier, so is able to support large herds of yaks, cattle, sheep, and goats, but is less fortunate with its agricultural land.  Drive back to Gilgit for overnight in hotel.   

Day 8- Sightseeing around Visit to Khujerab Pass 4700m: sightseeing around Gulmit, if wish to visit Borith Lake and have two hours to the viewpoint of Passu Glacier and surrounding mountains worth visiting (instead of the visit to the Chinese border between Pakistan and China, it is 7 to eight hours driving on the 8th wonder of the world Karakorum Highway along Atta Abad Lake, Gulmit, Passu and the dry port Sust is a fascinating day. We leave early in the morning from Gulmit and visit to the pass drive back to Gulmit for overnight stay.

Day 9-Drive to Ishkoman Valley: 2 hours driving on KKH to Gilgit which is the administrative headquarter of Gilgit Baltistan formerly known as Northern Area, after Lunch we will drive to Ishkoman Valley it is 3-4 hours on the Shandur Road to the west of Gilgit The Ishkoman valley, running north to south to join the Gilgit Valley, divides the Karakorum Range from the Hindu Kush. It was once the principality of Chitral when there was the Kingdom system before 1972. It incorporated to Pakistan by the same year. The valley is a junction of numerous trekking routes with beautiful landscape and amazing natural sceneries. The people here mostly speak the language of Chitral named Khowar. Some parts of it the people speaking Shina the language is spoken in Gilgit and Punial. There are Wahki speaking people in the valley, in Ishkoman we can walk around different villages, experience the living standard and culture of the region, being a female tourist you will be warmly welcomed by the people to visit homes and talk with the families everywhere you will see someone speaks English. We have spots of hiking for a day too there hopefully you will enjoy it. Overnight stay in the evening you will enjoy a local musical show with dancing and singing in your guest house.

10-Drive to Yasin Valley:

Like the Ishkoman Valley, the Yasin Valley is to the northwest of the Ghizar District. It lies to the east of Ishkoman at an altitude of 2100 meters to 2800 meters. In its the lower part of the valley is wide flat and well-watered, making it completely fertile, with irrigated fields on either side of the Yasin River

  The people here speak the original language of Brushaski which is also spoken in Hunza and Nagar valleys. It has played a leading role in the history of the region continually fought over by the rulers of both Chitral It has played a leading role in the history of the region continually fought over by the rulers of both Chitral and Gilgit, the history of the ruler of Yasin reads like a catalogue of patricide, fratricide and avanculicide.

 Until the twentieth century, Yasin was an important Kingdom controlling the shortest and the easiest route between the Oxus and Indus Valleys. In the early centuries AD, it was the capital of the Little Bolor, which ruled Gilgit, the early in the eighth the century, the Tibetans, who controlled Great Bolor (Baltistan) tried to gain access through Yasin to the Oxus Valley in order to join forces with Arab and attack China. With Chinese help, Yasin kept the Tibetans at bay until 742, when the Tibetans persuaded the king of Yasin to marry a Tibetan princess and align himself with Tibet.

 The Chinese retailed by attacking in747. With 10,000 troops they crossed the Pamir and defeated an equal force of Tibetans on the Wakhan side of the Broghil pass, then chased them across the Broghil and Darkot passes. The Chinese then took Yasin and cut the birch-rope bridge across the Gigit River at Gupis which was a source of access, it took one year to rebuild. Thus blocking the advance of Tibetans reinforcement coming from Gilgit, as the Gigit River cannot be forded in the summer and there is no route along its north bank. Chinese rule proved to be short lived, however, as a defeat in 751 near Tashkent at the hands of Arabs lost control of Central Asia. The Chinese returned in 1749. In the eighteenth century, the king of Mastuj controlled Yasin and at times Gilgit as well. The Ghizar Valley west of Yasin smooth as the Shandur Pass is making it was easy for Mastuj to communicate with Yasin.

 Yasin has playe pivotal role in the history of Gillgit Baltistan. It came to the attention of Victorian Britain following the murder of British explorer Goerge Hayward in Darkot village in 1870 (will describe in the next pages about this).  Russian advanced through Darkot and Broghil pass in order to capture Gilgit but they were stopped at Darkot pass. The British took an interest in the valley and opened its agency at Gilgit in 1877, British and Russian continued to jostle for control. Russian spies stood at the top of the Darkot Pass at 1890, peering down into Yasin, but retreated unseen. Five years later the Pamir Boundary Commission crossed the Darkot Pass with 600 ponies to survey the frontier. The Russian threat subsided, and in the twentieth century, Yasin became another small kingdom ruled by raja. It was absorbed by Pakistan in 1972.

Geographically, Yasin Valley of Gilgit Baltistan is the meeting point to the Central Asian countries in the Hindukush range of great mountains Gilgit Baltistan, to the Northeast its borders connect with Ishkomman Valley which has a long border along the Korumbar and Wakhan Corridor and Chilinji Pass to Chupusan upper Gojal, to the South its border connects with the Yarkun Vally of Chitral district of NWFP now KPK to continue to Afghanistan. Because of this geographical importance, ancient invaders and conquerors used these passes to proceed to the Sub-Continent.

 It was considered one of the remotest regions in Gilgit Baltistan but the modern technology and sacrifice of martyr (shaheed) Lalik Jan Nishan-e- Haider made it accessible in a short time by improving the road to Yasin, once it took eight hours from Gigit to reach there, but now it takes only four hours. The valley is very beautiful with spectacular views of the snowcapped mountains of Hindu Kush and passing through the beautiful villages of Punial and Gupis on the Shandur road leads to Chitral. The people of Yasin are unique in their hospitality as compare to any other part of Gilgit Baltistan. There is unique beauty for travelers to enjoy their holidays. It has camping spots simple reasonable hotels to stay and easy and challenging trekking routes for trekkers and mountains for climbers (most of them are unclimbed yet). You can go on a day short trek or a month long trek from the valley crossing passes from a part to another part of the district. The detailed itineraries and descriptions of the trekking routes will be shared in the next posts. Some of them have been described already in the previous posts.

I hope you will find this article interesting and comment on it. As the Ishkoman valley, Yasin is also an interesting village with hospitable people and some hiking resorts you will enjoy visiting there. This will be an interesting shooting along the Phunder River, through Gupis, Khalti lake is one of the attractive spots on the way which is full of trout fish. Beyond Khalti passing through charming villages and fantastic landscape with rock carving on the roadside. These art forms illustrate the lives of pastoral nomads who may have moved here in early Christian times and show great continuity with similar designs found in the Pamir region. Many shows mounted horsemen, solar motifs, hunting scenes, and long-horned ibexes Furthermore Bathrath River flowing from Swat Kohistan and leads South towards Tangir Valley that needs to be explored.  Chashi, the valley widens greatly, and augmented by tributaries by both the N and S, which provide access to Tangir and Darel Valleys. The main Phunder Valley has loveliest scenery in the whole Pakistan. The blue Phunder Lake is magnificent with the Ghizar River. The lake situated at an altitude of 2800 m full of trout fish. To the west of Phunder Valley a side valley leads to South Hundrap Lake, also renowned for its trout fishing. There is a possibility to trek South from here across the Dadarilli Pass into Swat Valley it takes 4-5 days easy trek from either side.

The roads up to Shandur Pass (3737m) to Chitral a jeep road between the two regions of Pakistan Gilgit and Chitral interesting. The Shundur Polo ground is famous for the Shandur Festival which is celebrated every year with different events. The polo match between the teams of Chitral and Gilgit is famous in the world. There are numerous tourist attractions in this valley as Yasin and Ishkoman need to explore more and bring to the map of tourist attraction. The day will be ended with trout fishing experiences in the Phunder River and having for the dinner to enjoy the last dinner and overnight. Guest House or PTDC MOTEL

Day-12 Drive to Gilgit/Astore for overnight stay: We will visit the upper Gahkuch above the district quarter is a great viewpoint of the Ghizar River and the valleys around if you interested in history will pay a visit to historical Gahkuch Fort. There are some of the remains of the Fort. En-

route visit Kargah Buddha, a rock carving beside the Kargah Nullah (stream) 6 km west of Gilgit along the old road to Punial, is the most popular short outing from Gilgit. The Buddha figure is about 3 m tall and looks down protectively over Gilgit. It was carved in the 7th century and its workmanship reveals a talented master. Overnight at Serena Hotel. If we have enough time in the after will drive to Astore valley to the South of Gilgit to make the next day shorter.

Day-13 Drive to Skardu via Deosia Plateau: Eight hours drive via Astore and stunning road via Astore and Deosia Plateau it is one of the highest Plateaus in the world, a lifetime experience along a beautiful landscape one of the world largest Plateaus. It is only possible if the tour scheduled from mid-June to mid-October.s. Skardu city is a major trekking and expedition hub in Gilgit–Baltistan. Visit its many bazaars known for their hand-woven woolen cloth and elaborate, colorful embroidered local gowns, or take a stroll up the hill to the ancient Fort overlooking the town. The awesome sight of the mighty Indus twisting beneath you.  Overnight stay in the hotel.




Day 14-excursion to Shigar Village: 32 KM to the North of Skardu Shigar the village is an interesting village with Shigar Fort once it was the center of the kingdom and there is an old mosque of 700 years old with the Mughal architecture we can have two hours' walk to Thale Valley to enjoy the beauty of Shigar Valley. We will have lunch at the Shigar Fort Hotel which is running by Serena groups of hotels in Pakistan you can also see the real culture of Baltistan most of the villagers live in simple houses.  We will be able to meet some local population to experience the living standard of the people. In the afternoon drive back to Skardu/ overnight stay in Serena Shigar Fort.

Day 15-Day excursion to Khapulu District Ganche:

Khapulu under the shadow of Masherbrum Peak is a gateway many peaks and glaciers like Siachin 103 Kilometers three hours drive mostly along the Shyoke River.  Khapulu Fort Palace and Chaqchan Mosque are interesting places to visit. The mosque built around 1500 AD is the oldest mosque in Baltistan. The building shows Buddhist influence and Tibetan architecture. If you have enough time can overnight stay there or drive back to Skardu.

Day 16-Fly Islamabad: One hour exciting flight to Islamabad it always depends on weathers’ condition in case of no flight it takes two full days to drive to Islamabad. You need to courageous to travel on the astonishing Karakorum Highway again as came up to Gilgit.


Sunday, 17 June 2018

Hidden treasures of Hindukush Pakistan

I'm more than proud to share this post for readers, adventure lovers, explorers,nature lovers,trekkers climbers and historians unveiling some of the hidden parts of Pakistan which are still waiting for explorers to visit and enjoy there.
Hindu Kush is one of the three greatest Mountain ranges Karakurom, Himalaya and Hindukush in Pakistan lies to the Northwest. There are snow-capped peaks up to 7700 meters, Circle treks along lush green Meadows, stunning glaciers,high passes, attractive summer pastures with unique cultural cottages above all is the hospitality of the mountain communities all along your proposed area has no parallel to any part of the world.
The falling fountains of water from the Mountains, sky blue rivers, lakes, and streams rich with trout fish adds to the joy of your holidays.
The historical places, forts,castles and such other attraction are ruins which need to renovate, to make marks for the visitors visit in the land of lakes the Ghizar district to the west of Gilgit. The famous Shandur Road passes through this beautiful valley. The great attraction of the beautiful villages of Punial, Ishkoman, Gupis Yasin, Phunder are laying along the Ghizar River. The people all along the way are hospitable and welcome the visitors inviting their homes and offering tea which is a long time tradition of the mountain communities of Gilgit Baltistan.  made many tours convincing clients on my own to visit this part of the world and every individual returned with surprising experience and true humanity of the people. The people of Ghizar still has not been commercialized yet because of the their long tradition of hospitality. We need to aware them of such things and make people of business minded in order to develop their living standard and facilitate the visitors properly. None of the visitor wishes to have free services as my experiences in the field of tourism. All wanted to put their hands in the development of a region in positively.
Tourism is a such an industry that plays pivotal role in the development people. Ghizar is one of the districts in Gilgit Baltistan rich with great potential for tourism. There are great attractions from the rivers to mountains.
The thing left now is to bring in the map of the world with its real picture and potential which has not been yet in the notice of the people who wish to visit such exciting places to enjoy their holidays, study their research have fun in  the natural environment.

Thursday, 9 July 2015

History of Gilgit the capital of North Pakistan



The capital of Northern Areas of Pakistan is Gilgit. It is thriving frontier town, expanded rapidly about 283,000 inhabitants since the opening of the Karakorum Highway in 1978, connecting with the rest of Pakistan and China. The bazaar is full of with people traders of different parts of Pakistan, Pathans, Punjabis, Balochese, Chitralis and many others speaking babble languages.
   It has pleasant climate in the in the summer and freezing in the winter at altitude of 1,500 metres above sea level.
  Gilgit has been the inhabited for thousands of years. The various waves of invaders that passed through Pakistan also reached to Gilgit, and their various beliefs and costumes were layered on one top of the other. The animism of the early inhabitant from Iran, which was modified in turn by Hinduism following the Aryans, invasion about 1700 BC.
From the first century BC, Gilgit was an important staging post on the Silk Route from China and the Chinese wielded considerable influence in the area. Inscriptions and pictures carved on the rocksaround Gigit tell us about the history, as does the collection of sixth, to eleventh century, Buddhist manuscripts discovered in Kargah near the Gilgit town in 1930.
  There were Buddhist from the fourth century to the eleventh century, Gilgit was mostly Buddhist Gilgit and Yasin were together called the Little Bolor according to the Chinese Tang Annals, with its capital in Yasin.
 Early in the eighth century, three great powers- China, Arabia and Tibet jostled for control here. Some of the rock carvings around Gilgit list the Tebitan kings who ruled in the seventh and eigth centuries. In 725, according to a rock in Gilgit the kingdom of Great and Little Bolor merged under the Tebitan rule. There was a short Chinese interlude from 747 to 715, when the Chinese invaded successfully across the Broghil and Darkot passes and captured Yasin, before being driven back by the Arabs from the west.
  In 711 BC the Muslims forces invaded to the sub-continent from the south by sea, simultaneously reaching Xinjang in the North and Muhammad Bin Qasim was successful in the south, but the northern invasion was repulsed.
  Tenth century brought the invasion of the Shins, a Eurpoid people who spoke Shina still the language of most parts of the Northern Areas drove the native Brushaski speakers up into Hunza, Nagar and Yasin. The Shins may have been Hindus as were Hindu Shahi kings who then ruled upper Pakistan from their capital at Hund on the Indus, just below the modern Tarbela Dame.
  After the fifteen century, the whole northern areas gradually converted to Islam, Pathan came up the Indus from Swat in about the sixteenth century, and the people of Baltistan came from Kashmir before the seventeenth century. Finally early in the nineteenth century the mir of Hunza Salum Khan III, who had been in temporary exile in Badakhshan reached to Hunza converting to Ismaili muslim.
  In 1846 the British sold Kashmir Ladakh, Baltistan and Gilgit to Maharaja of Kashmir Gulab Singh, and appointed him the first maharaja of Kashmir. But the maharaja’s Hindu soldiers could do little to subdue the Muslim tribsmen, despite repeated compaign in the 1850’s and 60’.
After the first Anglo-Sikh war in 1845-46 the British began to worry about a possible Russian invasion through mountain to Kashmir, inducing them to take more active interest in Northern frontier. In 1877, they sent a political agent to Gilgit, the most isolated outpost of the British Empire, to prevent the Russian destabilising the remote mountains kingdoms with influence gain through gifts and promises. There was also the fear that the Russian invasion of India, which was expected via the Khyber and Bolan passes, secondary light weight Russian thrust penetrate the Karakorum and Hindukus passes, totally cut off by snow for eight months of the year, the first British agency failed. It was too small and isolated to make its presence fell and it ended abruptly in 1881.

  The second agency established in 1889, forced better. By then the route from Srinagar via Astore had been improved; there was a telegraph link and the agency included a full compliment of British soldiers.  There followed a series of campaigns to subdue the surrounding kingdoms: in 1891, the British led by Colonel Algernon Durand, overran Hunza. In 1893, they strengthened thefort in Chilas to defend the new road over Babusar pass against the kohistani tribes. The year1895 saw the dramatic rescue of the garrison at Chitral fort by 500 troops from Gilgit who marched across the Shandur pass.

Friday, 26 June 2015

Languages spoken in Northern Pakistan



Of the 14 languages are spoken in Northern Pakistan, at least half indigenous, the others being spoken   by the traders coming in from the surrounding districts. A further completion is the multiplicity of dialects that that tribal populations have evolved in isolated valleys. Balti spoken in Baltistan is archaic Tibetan, the Shina you hear in Gilgit is Dardic in origin, Brushaski in Yasin, central Hunza and Nagir is an original language unrelated to any other language, with different dialects spoken in Yasin and Nagar. In northern Hunza, there are Wakhi spoken people archaic Iranian dialects. South of Gilgit along the Indus, Kohistani, in kaghan the language Hindko to the west of Gilgit you hear Khowar, but the non Muslims of Kalash use their own kalashi and the Gujar. School children are taught in Urdu, and wandering through out Pakistan, Poshtu, Kashmiri and of course English.
 ® ECONOMY OF NORTH PAKISTAN
    Although, farming is the main occupation of the people of Northern Areas of Pakistan, about half of the household one or two men working outside of the agriculture. About 40 percent of these earn a regular wage from factories down the country in Pakistan or in the Gulf countries out of Pakistan, as a number of the army or government or in hotels. Another 35 percent earn day wages as porters or agriculture workers and about a third have a man working in the village as the craftsman, carpenter, builder, weaver, tailor or blacksmith etc.
  There are some small industries in North Pakistan, marble is quaried, antimony and such gems as rubies, emeralds and garnets are mined and Gilgit has factories jam, honey etc. Every village has shopkeepers and other merchants.
  Since the opening of the Karakurom Highway has grown between Gilgit and the rest of Pakistan and China. It is one of the main sources of the development of Northern Areas of Pakistan.


      

Wednesday, 20 May 2015

A brief Introduction of the Norther Areas of Pakistan

Sandwich between the high peaks of Hindukush, Karakurum on the North and Himalaya and those of Western Himalaya on South mysterious far-off land now called Gilgit Baltistan (Northern Areas) preserving the hoary human traditions in association with mountain fairies.
  The natural phenomena remained secret until geologists and geographers traveled to these to unlock the story of mountains, rivers, lakes formations and now the construction of Karakurum brought significant change and facilities for communication and human contact. In the backdrop of Himalaya, Karakurum and Hindukush live on in isolated valleys, and from the rest of the world, seeking livelihood out of mountain hazards, only moving during the summer seasons across high passes. The story of this little world is less known but not less interesting as it relates a land of utmost important to the history of man. In the words of E.F Knight ‘’here it is where, ‘’Three Empires Meet.’’ Now there are five states that have coverage on this land, Aghanistan, China, India, Pakistan and USSR.
  Throughout history, the surrounding world of man impinged into this mysterious land and left indelible impressions of its contacts on the people and their inaccessible habitat.  We have got many survivals of languages, cultures, civilizations that have been lost to this world. It is to the discovery of those lost human links that Northern Areas of Pakistan have now opened new approaches to history that is the world no doubt, less known but full of information for man.
  This is the region, which in the opinion of the geologists is the ‘’Meeting ground of the continents in collision’’. The Indo-Pakistan sub-continental mass emerging to integrate into the Eurossian continent of the north, resulting in the formation of ‘’Kohistan island arch’’ between Hindukush and Karakurum ranges in the north and Himalaya on South.Consequently that let to the creation of the high peaks of the world and closure to Tetheys Sea, having behind two main faults along the meeting line that allow the flow of the rivers, the mighty Indus along with its other tributaries, that flow through numerous gorges between Himalaya,    Karakurum, Hindukush and Sayoke between Himalaya and Karakurum and Himalaya beds. The region presents an interplay of high mountains and deep river beds and mountainous terrain.
Landscape and People of Northern Areas of Pakistan
I hope the readers will enjoy reading about the beautiful landscape and hospitable people of northern Pakistan, the ancient crossroads in the heart of Asia, as a land of soaring peaks and secluded valleys, of shimmering glaciers and flower-strewn alpine pastures, sky blue lakes and rivers with spectacular views of snow-capped white mountains. Yet these mountains world so remote that many of its numerous places  unexplored and invite explorers, discoverers, mountaineers trekkers and nature lovers to explore and enjoy the amazing beauty and grandeur of the landscape and hospitality of the people of diverse cultures and traditions. Along the way where you go to visit. The mountain communities of the Hinu Kush are really amazing showing there extraordinary hospitality welcoming the visitors with local dishes and inviting in their traditional small houses where you can eat and talk with the amazing people of the mountains(specially in the Hindukush) which is not found elsewhere in the world.
    We can fallow the footsteps of Alexander the Great, of the chines pilgrims, seeking scriptures in the golden age of Buddhism, or of the Britsh and Russians explorers, adventurers and spies of the legendary Great Game.
  I wish to share my personal experiences knowing most parts of the mountain passes and trekking routes where I have guided the people and who enjoyed and left their great accounts of wonderful memories of the trips. I have been recorded my personal experiences and vivid accounts of renown writers of the ancient travelers , explorers, mountaineers and researchers and  hope that I will not keep un touch any stone while writing for my blog  eager to share the beauty of my homeland with latest information.